Flamenco is the most internationally celebrated of the Roma-shaped musical traditions. It grew in 18th- and 19th-century Andalusia, where Gitano (Spanish Roma) communities fused their own expressive sensibility with Andalusian folk and other influences into a single art of song (cante), guitar (toque) and dance (baile).
At its heart is duende — a quality of raw, transcendent emotion. Flamenco ranges from the deepest, most anguished cante jondo to festive, rhythmic forms, and remains a living tradition led by Roma families today; UNESCO inscribed it on its list of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2010.
Sources & further reading: RomArchive (Flamenco section) and Wikipedia.
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